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ST16C650A
2.90V TO 5.5V UART WITH 32-BYTE FIFO
REV. 5.0.0
2.9.1
Transmit Holding Register (THR) - Write Only
The transmit holding register is an 8-bit register providing a data interface to the host processor. The host
writes transmit data byte to the THR to be converted into a serial data stream including a start bit, data bits,
parity bit and stop bit(s). The least-significant-bit (Bit-0) is the first data bit to go out. The THR is the input
register to the transmit FIFO of 32 bytes when FIFO operation is enabled by FCR bit-0. Every time a write
operation is made to the THR, the FIFO data pointer is automatically bumped to the next sequential data
location.
2.9.2
Transmitter Operation in non-FIFO Mode
The host loads transmit data to THR one character at a time. The THR empty flag (LSR bit-5) is set when the
data byte is transferred to TSR. THR flag can generate a transmit empty interrupt (ISR bit-1) when it is enabled
by IER bit-1. The TSR flag (LSR bit-6) is set when TSR becomes completely empty.
FIGURE 9. TRANSMITTER OPERATION IN NON-FIFO MODE
Transmit
Holding
Register
(THR)
Data
Byte
THR Interrupt (ISR bit-1)
Enabled by IER bit-1
16X Clock
M
S
B
L
S
B
Transmit Shift Register (TSR)
TXNOFIFO1
2.9.3
Transmitter Operation in FIFO Mode
The host may fill the transmit FIFO with up to 32 bytes of transmit data. The THR empty flag (LSR bit-5) is set
whenever the FIFO is empty. The THR empty flag can generate a transmit empty interrupt (ISR bit-1) when the
amount of data in the FIFO falls below its programmed trigger level. The transmit empty interrupt is enabled by
IER bit-1. The TSR flag (LSR bit-6) is set when TSR/FIFO becomes empty.
FIGURE 10. TRANSMITTER OPERATION IN FIFO AND FLOW CONTROL MODE
Transmit
FIFO
Transmit
Data Byte
THR Interrupt (ISR bit-1) falls
below the programmed Trigger
Level and then when becomes
empty. FIFO is Enabled by FCR
bit-0=1
Auto CTS Flow Control (CTS# pin)
Flow Control Characters
(Xoff1/2 and Xon1/2 Reg.
Auto Software Flow Control
16X Clock
Transmit Data Shift Register
(TSR)
TXFIFO1
15
EXAR [ EXAR CORPORATION ]
