ADSP-BF542/ADSP-BF544/ADSP-BF547/ADSP-BF548/ADSP-BF549
length, and base registers (for circular buffering), and eight
The architecture provides three modes of operation: user mode,
supervisor mode, and emulation mode. User mode has
restricted access to certain system resources, thus providing a
protected software environment, while supervisor mode has
unrestricted access to the system and core resources.
The Blackfin processor instruction set has been optimized so
that 16-bit opcodes represent the most frequently used instruc-
tions, resulting in excellent compiled code density. Complex
DSP instructions are encoded into 32-bit opcodes, representing
fully featured multifunction instructions. Blackfin processors
support a limited multi-issue capability, where a 32-bit instruc-
tion can be issued in parallel with two 16-bit instructions,
allowing the programmer to use many of the core resources in a
single instruction cycle.
additional 32-bit pointer registers (for C-style indexed stack
manipulation).
Blackfin processors support a modified Harvard architecture in
combination with a hierarchical memory structure. Level 1 (L1)
memories are those that typically operate at the full processor
speed with little or no latency. At the L1 level, the instruction
memory holds instructions only. The two data memories hold
data, and a dedicated scratchpad data memory stores stack and
local variable information.
In addition, multiple L1 memory blocks are provided, offering a
configurable mix of SRAM and cache. The memory manage-
ment unit (MMU) provides memory protection for individual
tasks that may be operating on the core and can protect system
registers from unintended access.
The Blackfin processor assembly language uses an algebraic syn-
tax for ease of coding and readability. The architecture has been
optimized for use in conjunction with the C/C++ compiler,
resulting in fast and efficient software implementations.
ADDRESS ARITHMETIC UNIT
SP
FP
P5
P4
P3
P2
P1
P0
I3
I2
I1
I0
L3
L2
L1
L0
B3
B2
B1
B0
M3
M2
M1
M0
DAG1
DAG0
DA1 32
DA0 32
32
PREG
32
RAB
SD 32
LD1 32
LD0 32
ASTAT
32
32
SEQUENCER
ALIGN
R7.H
R6.H
R5.H
R4.H
R3.H
R2.H
R1.H
R0.H
R7.L
R6.L
R5.L
R4.L
R3.L
R2.L
R1.L
R0.L
16
16
8
8
8
8
DECODE
BARREL
SHIFTER
LOOP BUFFER
40
40
40 40
A0
A1
CONTROL
UNIT
32
32
DATA ARITHMETIC UNIT
Figure 2. Blackfin Processor Core
Rev. C
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Page 5 of 100
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February 2010
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