R
Functional Description
at the ConfigRate frequency and internally serialized with
an 8X clock frequency.
ous read or write operations. After configuration, drive the
select line Low to select the desired peripheral. Refer to the
individual peripheral data sheet for specific interface and
communication protocol requirements.
Table 53: Maximum ConfigRate Settings for Parallel
Flash PROMs
The FPGA optionally supports a 16-bit peripheral interface
by driving the LDC2 (BYTE#) control pin High after configu-
ration. See Precautions Using x8/x16 Flash PROMs for
additional information.
Maximum ConfigRate
Flash Read Access Time
< 200 ns
Setting
3
6
The FPGA provides up to 24 address lines during configu-
ration, addressing up to 128 Mbits (16 Mbytes). If using a
larger parallel PROM, connect the upper address lines to
FPGA user I/O. During configuration, the upper address
lines will be pulled High if HSWAP = 0. Otherwise, use
external pull-up or pull-down resistors on these address
lines to define their values during configuration.
< 90 ns
Using the BPI Interface after Configuration
After the FPGA successfully completes configuration, all of
the pins connected to the parallel Flash PROM are available
as user I/Os.
If not using the parallel Flash PROM after configuration,
drive LDC0 High to disable the PROM’s chip-select input.
The remainder of the BPI pins then become available to the
FPGA application, including all 24 address lines, the eight
data lines, and the LDC2, LDC1, and HDC control pins.
Precautions Using x8/x16 Flash PROMs
D
Most low- to mid-density PROMs are byte-wide (x8)
only. Many higher-density Flash PROMs support both
byte-wide (x8) and halfword-wide (x16) data paths and
include a mode input called BYTE# that switches between
x8 or x16. During configuration, Spartan-3E FPGAs only
support byte-wide data. However, after configuration, the
FPGA supports either x8 or x16 modes. In x16 mode, up to
eight additional user I/O pins are required for the upper data
bits, D[15:8].
Because all the interface pins are user I/Os after configura-
tion, the FPGA application can continue to use the interface
pins to communicate with the parallel Flash PROM. Parallel
Flash PROMs are available in densities ranging from 1 Mbit
up to 128 Mbits and beyond. However, a single Spartan-3E
FPGA requires less than 6 Mbits for configuration. If
desired, use a larger parallel Flash PROM to contain addi-
tional non-volatile application data, such as MicroBlaze pro-
cessor code, or other user data such as serial numbers,
Ethernet MAC IDs, etc. In such an example, the FPGA con-
figures from parallel Flash PROM. Then using FPGA logic
after configuration, a MicroBlaze processor embedded
within the FPGA can either execute code directly from par-
allel Flash PROM or copy the code to external DDR
SDRAM and execute from DDR SDRAM. Similarly, the
FPGA application can store non-volatile application data
within the parallel Flash PROM.
Connecting a Spartan-3E FPGA to a x8/x16 Flash PROM is
simple, but does require a precaution. Various Flash PROM
vendors use slightly different interfaces to support both x8
and x16 modes. Some vendors (Intel, Micron, some STMi-
croelectronics devices) use a straightforward interface with
pin naming that matches the FPGA connections. However,
the PROM’s A0 pin is wasted in x16 applications and a sep-
arate FPGA user-I/O pin is required for the D15 data line.
Fortunately, the FPGA A0 pin is still available as a user I/O
after configuration, even though it connects to the Flash
PROM.
Other vendors (AMD, Atmel, Silicon Storage Technology,
some STMicroelectronics devices) use a pin-efficient inter-
face but change the function of one pin, called IO15/A-1,
depending if the PROM is in x8 or x16 mode. In x8 mode,
BYTE# = 0, this pin is the least-significant address line. The
A0 address line selects the halfword location. The A-1
address line selects the byte location. When in x16 mode,
BYTE# = 1, the IO15/A-1 pin becomes the most-significant
data bit, D15 because byte addressing is not required in this
mode. Check to see if the Flash PROM has a pin named
“IO15/A-1" or "DQ15/A-1". If so, be careful to connect
x8/x16 Flash PROMs correctly, as shown in Table 54. Also,
remember that the D[14:8] data connections require FPGA
user I/O pins but that the D15 data is already connected for
the FPGA’s A0 pin.
The FPGA configuration data is stored starting at either at
location 0 or the top of memory (addresses all ones) or at
both locations for MultiBoot mode. Store any additional data
beginning in other available parallel Flash PROM sectors.
Do not mix configuration data and user data in the same
sector.
Similarly, the parallel Flash PROM interface can be
expanded to additional parallel peripherals.
The address, data, and LDC1 (OE#) and HDC (WE#) con-
trol signals are common to all parallel peripherals. Connect
the chip-select input on each additional peripheral to one of
the FPGA user I/O pins. If HSWAP = 0 during configuration,
the FPGA holds the chip-select line High via an internal
pull-up resistor. If HSWAP = 1, connect the select line to
+3.3V via an external 4.7 kΩ pull-up resistor to avoid spuri-
76
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DS312-2 (v1.1) March 21, 2005
Advance Product Specification
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