ATmega640/1280/1281/2560/2561
Table 124. Correlation Between Input Voltage and Output Codes
VADCn
Read Code
0x1FF
0x1FF
0x1FE
...
Corresponding Decimal Value
VADCm + VREF / GAIN
511
511
510
...
VADCm + 0.999 VREF / GAIN
VADCm + 0.998 VREF / GAIN
...
V
ADCm + 0.001 VREF / GAIN
VADCm
ADCm - 0.001 VREF / GAIN
0x001
0x000
0x3FF
...
1
0
V
-1
...
...
VADCm - 0.999 VREF / GAIN
0x201
0x200
-511
-512
VADCm - VREF / GAIN
Example:
ADMUX = 0xFB (ADC3 - ADC2, 10x gain, 2.56V reference, left adjusted result)
Voltage on ADC3 is 300 mV, voltage on ADC2 is 500 mV.
ADCR = 512 * 10 * (300 - 500) / 2560 = -400 = 0x270.
ADCL will thus read 0x00, and ADCH will read 0x9C. Writing zero to ADLAR right
adjusts the result: ADCL = 0x70, ADCH = 0x02.
ADC Multiplexer Selection
Register – ADMUX
Bit
7
REFS1
R/W
0
6
REFS0
R/W
0
5
ADLAR
R/W
0
4
MUX4
R/W
0
3
MUX3
R/W
0
2
MUX2
R/W
0
1
MUX1
R/W
0
0
MUX0
R/W
0
ADMUX
Read/Write
Initial Value
• Bit 7:6 – REFS1:0: Reference Selection Bits
These bits select the voltage reference for the ADC, as shown in Table 125. If these bits
are changed during a conversion, the change will not go in effect until this conversion is
complete (ADIF in ADCSRA is set). The internal voltage reference options may not be
used if an external reference voltage is being applied to the AREF pin.
Table 125. Voltage Reference Selections for ADC
REFS1
REFS0
Voltage Reference Selection(1)
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
AREF, Internal VREF turned off
AVCC with external capacitor at AREF pin
Internal 1.1V Voltage Reference with external capacitor at AREF pin
Internal 2.56V Voltage Reference with external capacitor at AREF pin
Note:
1. If 10x or 200x gain is selected, only 2.56 V should be used as Internal Voltage
Reference.
• Bit 5 – ADLAR: ADC Left Adjust Result
The ADLAR bit affects the presentation of the ADC conversion result in the ADC Data
Register. Write one to ADLAR to left adjust the result. Otherwise, the result is right
287
2549A–AVR–03/05
ATMEL [ ATMEL ]
