CPU
2.1 CPU Registers
2
2.1 CPU Registers
The M32R-FPU has 16 general-purpose registers, 6 control registers, an accumulator and a program counter.
The accumulator is of 56-bit configuration, and all other registers are of 32-bit configuration.
2.2 General-purpose Registers
The 16 general-purpose registers (R0–R15) are of 32-bit width and are used to retain data and base address, as
well as for integer calculations, floating-point operations, etc. R14 is used as the link register and R15 as the stack
pointer. The link register is used to store the return address when executing a subroutine call instruction. The
Interrupt Stack Pointer (SPI) and the User Stack Pointer (SPU) are alternately represented by R15 depending on
the value of the Stack Mode (SM) bit in the Processor Status Word Register (PSW).
After reset, the value of the general-purpose registers is undefined.
b0
b0
b31
b31
R0
R1
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R8
R9
R10
R11
R12
R13
R14 (Link register)
R15 (Stack pointer) (Note 1)
Note 1: The stack pointer functions as either the SPI or the SPU depending on
the value of the SM bit in the PSW.
Figure 2.2.1 General-purpose Registers
2.3 Control Registers
There are 6 control registers which are the Processor Status Word Register (PSW), the Condition Bit Register
(CBR), the Interrupt Stack Pointer (SPI), the User Stack Pointer (SPU), the Backup PC (BPC) and the Floating-
point Status Register (FPSR).
The dedicated MVTC and MVFC instructions are used for writing and reading these control registers.
In addition, the SM bit, IE bit and C bit of the PSW can also be set by the SETPSW or CLRPSW instruction.
CRn
CR0
b0
b31
Processor Status Word Register
Condition Bit Register
Interrupt Stack Pointer
User Stack Pointer
PSW
CBR
SPI
CR1
CR2
CR3
SPU
Backup PC
CR6
CR7
BPC
FPSR
Floating-point Status Register
Notes: • CRn (n = 0-3, 6 and 7) denotes the control register number.
• The dedicated MVTC and MVFC instructions are used for writing and reading these control registers.
• The SM bit, IE bit and C bit of the PSW can also be set by the SETPSW or CLRPSW instructions.
Figure 2.3.1 Control Registers
32180 Group User’s Manual (Rev.1.0)
2-2
RENESAS [ RENESAS TECHNOLOGY CORP ]
