ADV7180
CHROMA TRANSIENT IMPROVEMENT (CTI)
The signal bandwidth allocated for chroma is typically much
smaller than that of luminance. In the past, this was a valid way
to fit a color video signal into a given overall bandwidth because
the human eye is less sensitive to chrominance than to luminance.
The uneven bandwidth, however, may lead to visual artifacts in
sharp color transitions. At the border of two bars of color, both
components (luma and chroma) change at the same time (see
of the luma component is usually much sharper than that of the
chroma component. The color edge is not sharp and can be
blurred, in the worst case, over several pixels.
CTI_AB_EN, Chroma Transient Improvement
Alpha Blend Enable, Address 0x4D [1]
The CTI_AB_EN bit enables an alpha blend function within the
CTI block. If set to 1, the alpha blender mixes the transient
improved chroma with the original signal. The sharpness of the
alpha blending can be configured via the CTI_AB[1:0] bits.
For the alpha blender to be active, the CTI block must be
enabled via the CTI_EN bit.
Setting CTI_AB_EN to 0 disables the CTI alpha blender.
Setting CTI_AB_EN to 1 (default) enables the CTI alpha-blend
mixing function.
LUMA SIGNAL
LUMA SIGNAL WITH A
TRANSITION, ACCOMPANIED
BY A CHROMA TRANSITION
CTI_AB[1:0], Chroma Transient Improvement Alpha
Blend, Address 0x4D [3:2]
The CTI_AB[1:0] controls the behavior of alpha blend circuitry
that mixes the sharpened chroma signal with the original one. It
thereby controls the visual impact of CTI on the output data.
05700-026
DEMODULATED
CHROMA SIGNAL
ORIGINAL, SLOW CHROMA
TRANSITION PRIOR TO CTI
SHARPENED CHROMA
TRANSITION AT THE
OUTPUT OF CTI
Figure 26. CTI Luma/Chroma Transition
For CTI_AB[1:0] to become active, the CTI block must be
enabled via the CTI_EN bit and the alpha blender must be
switched on via CTI_AB_EN.
Sharp blending maximizes the effect of CTI on the picture, but
may also increase the visual impact of small amplitude, high
frequency chroma noise.
Table 44. CTI_AB Function
CTI_AB[1:0]
00
01
10
11 (default)
Description
Sharpest mixing between sharpened and original
chroma signal
Sharp mixing
Smooth mixing
Smoothest alpha blend function
The chroma transient improvement block examines the input
video data. It detects transitions of chroma and can be
programmed to create steeper chroma edges in an attempt to
artificially restore lost color bandwidth. The CTI block,
however, operates only on edges above a certain threshold to
ensure that noise is not emphasized. Care has also been taken to
ensure that edge ringing and undesirable saturation or hue
distortion are avoided.
Chroma transient improvements are needed primarily for
signals that have severe chroma bandwidth limitations. For
those types of signals, it is strongly recommended to enable the
CTI block via CTI_EN.
CTI_EN, Chroma Transient Improvement Enable,
Address 0x4D [0]
Setting CTI_EN to 0 disables the CTI block.
Setting CTI_EN to 1 (default) enables the CTI block.
CTI_C_TH[7:0], CTI Chroma Threshold,
Address 0x4E [7:0]
The CTI_C_TH[7:0] value is an unsigned, 8-bit number speci-
fying how big the amplitude step in a chroma transition has to
be in order to be steepened by the CTI block. Programming a
small value into this register causes even smaller edges to be
steepened by the CTI block. Making CTI_C_TH[7:0] a large
value causes the block to improve large transitions only.
The default value for CTI_C_TH[7:0] is 0x08, indicating the
threshold for the chroma edges prior to CTI.
Rev. A | Page 36 of 112
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