78P2351R 155Mbps NRZ to CMI Converter
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The 78P2351R contains all the necessary transmit
and receive circuitry for connection between
155.52Mbit/s NRZ data sources (STS-3/STM-1) and
CMI encoded electrical interfaces. The 78P2351R
system interface mimics a 3.3V optics module and
only requires a reference clock and wideband
transformer to complete the electrical interface. The
chip can be controlled via control pins or serial port
register settings.
In hardware mode (pin control) the SPSL pin must
be low. Additionally, the following unused pins
must be set accordingly:
SDO pin must be tied low
SDI pin must be tied low
SEN pin must be tied high
In software mode (SPSL pin high), control pins set
register defaults upon power-up or reset. The
78P2351R can then be configured via the 4-wire
serial control interface. See Pin Descriptions
section for more information.
REFERENCE CLOCK
The 78P2351R requires a reference clock supplied
to the CKREFP/N pins. For reference frequencies of
19.44MHz or 77.76MHz, the device accepts a single
ended CMOS level input at CKREFP (CKREFN tied
to ground). For reference frequency of 155.52MHz,
the device accepts a differential LVPECL clock input
at CKREFP/N. The frequency of this reference input
is selected by either the CKSL control pin or register
bit as follows:
CKSL pin
Low
Float
High
CKSL[1:0] bits
00
10
11
Reference
Frequency
19.44MHz
77.76MHz
155.52MHz
The outputs of the data comparators are connected
to the clock recovery circuits. The clock recovery
system employs a digital PLL, which utilizes a line-
rate reference frequency derived from the clock
applied to the CKREFP/N pins. After the clock and
data have been recovered, the data is converted to
binary by the CMI decoder. NRZ data is transmitted
through LVPECL drivers at the SODP/N pins.
Receiver Monitor Mode
The SCK_MON pin or MON register bit puts the
receiver in monitor mode and adds approximately
20dB of flat gain to the receive signal before
equalization. Rx Monitor Mode can handle 20dB of
flat loss typical of monitoring points with up to 6dB of
cable loss. Note that Loss of Signal detection is
disabled during Rx Monitor Mode.
Loss of Signal Detect
The 78P2351R includes an ITU-T G.783 compliant
Loss of Signal (LOS) detector. When the received
signal is less than approximately 18dB below
nominal for 80 UI, the LOS pin is asserted. The
LOS signal is cleared when the received signal is
greater than approximately 17dB below nominal for
80 UI. During LOS conditions, the receive data
outputs are squelched and held at logic ‘0’.
Note:
Loss of Signal detection is disabled during
Local Loopback and Receive Monitor Modes.
TRANSMITTER OPERATION
The transmitter section generates an adjustable
G.703 compliant analog signal for transmission
through a center-tapped transformer onto 75Ω
coaxial cable. Serial NRZ data is input to the
78P2351R on the SIDP/N pins at LVPECL levels
and passed to a low jitter clock and data recovery
circuit.
An optional clock decoupling FIFO is
provided to decouple the on chip and off chip clocks.
The NRZ data is encoded to CMI to ensure an
adequate number of transitions.
Each of the transmit timing modes can be configured
in HW mode or SW mode as shown in the table
below.
Tx Mode
Reserved
Synchronous
(FIFO enabled)
Plesiochronous
Loop-timing
RECEIVER OPERATION
The receiver accepts G.703 compliant CMI encoded
data at 155.52Mbit/s from the RXP/N inputs. When
transformer-coupled to the line, the receiver can
handle over 15dB of cable loss. The receive jitter
tolerance is compliant with all relevant standards
even with 12.7dB worth of cable attenuation and
inter-symbol interference (ISI). See Receiver Jitter
Tolerance section for more info.
The CMI signal first enters an AGC and a high
performance adaptive equalizer designed to
overcome inter-symbol interference caused by long
cable lengths. The variable gain differential amplifier
automatically controls the gain to maintain a
constant voltage level output regardless of the input
voltage level.
4
HW Control
CKMODE
Low
Floating
High
n/a
SW Control
SMOD[1:0]
00
10
01
11
TERIDIAN [ TERIDIAN SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION ]
