MT8940
ISO-CMOS
The phase sampling is done once in a frame (8 kHz)
and the divisions are set at 8 and 193 for DPLL #1,
which locks on to the falling edge of the input at 8
kHz to generate T1 (1.544 MHz) clock. Although the
phase sampling duration is the same for DPLL #2,
the divisions are set at 8 and 256 to provide the
CEPT/ST-BUS clock at 2.048 MHz synchronized to
the rising edge of the input signal (8 kHz). The
master clock source is specified to be at 12.355 MHz
±100
ppm for DPLL #1 and 16.388 MHz
±32
ppm for
DPLL #2 over the entire temperature range of
operation.
The inputs MS0 to MS3 are used to select the
operating mode of the MT8940, see Tables 1 to 4. All
the outputs are individually controlled to the high
impedance condition by their respective enable
controls. The uncommitted NAND gate is available
for use in applications involving MITEL’s
MT8976/MH89760
(T1
interfaces)
and
MT8979/MH89790 (CEPT interfaces).
Functional Description
The MT8940 is a dual digital phase-locked loop
providing the timing and synchronization signals to
the interface circuits for T1 and CEPT (30+2)
Primary Multiplex Digital Transmission links. As
shown in Figure 1, it has two digital phase-locked
loops (DPLLs), associated output controls and the
mode selection logic circuits. The two DPLLs,
although similar in principle, operate independently
to provide T1 (1.544 MHz) and CEPT (2.048 MHz)
transmission clocks, and ST-BUS timing signals.
The principle of operation behind the two DPLLs is
shown in Figure 3. A master clock is divided down to
8 kHz where it is compared with the 8 kHz input, and
depending on the output of the phase comparison,
the master clock frequency is corrected. The
MT8940 achieves the frequency correction in both
directions by using the master clock at a slightly
higher frequency and dividing it unaltered or
stretching its period (at two discrete instants in a
frame) before the division depending on the phase
comparison output. When the input frequency is
Modes of Operation
The operation of the MT8940 is categorized into
major and minor modes. The major modes are
defined for both DPLLs by the mode select pins MS0
and MS1. The minor modes are selected by MS2
and MS3, and are applicable only to DPLL #2. There
are no minor modes for DPLL #1.
Master Clock
(12.355 MHz/
16.388 MHz)
Frequency
Correction
÷8
Output
(1.544 MHz /
2.048 MHz)
Major modes of the DPLL #1
DPLL #1 can be operated in three major modes as
selected by MS0 and MS1 (Table 1). When MS1 is
LOW, it is in NORMAL mode, which provides a T1
(1.544 MHz) clock signal locked to the falling edge of
the input frame pulse F0i (8 kHz). DPLL#1 requires a
master clock input of 12.355 MHz±100 ppm (C12i).
In the second and third major modes (MS1 is HIGH),
DPLL #1 is set to DIVIDE an external 1.544 MHz or
2.048 MHz signal applied at CVb (pin 21). The
division can be set by MS0 to be either 193 (LOW) or
256 (HIGH). In these modes, the 8 kHz output is
connected internally to DPLL #2, which operates in
SINGLE CLOCK mode.
Major modes of the DPLL #2
There are four major modes for DPLL #2 selectable
by MS0 and MS1, as shown in Table 2. In all these
modes DPLL #2 provides the CEPT PCM 30 timing,
and the ST-BUS clock and framing signals.
In NORMAL mode, DPLL #2 provides the CEPT and
ST-BUS compatible timing signals locked to the
rising edge of the 8 kHz input signal (C8Kb). These
Input (8 kHz)
Phase
Comparison
÷193
/
÷256
Figure 3 - DPLL Principle
higher, the unchanged master clock is divided, thus
effectively speeding-up the locally generated clock
and eventually pulling it in synchronization with the
input. If the input frequency is lower than the divided
master clock, the period of the master clock is
stretched by half a cycle, at two discrete instants in a
phase sampling period. This introduces a total delay
of one master clock period over the sampling
duration, which is then divided to generate the local
signal synchronous with the input. Once the output is
phase-locked to the active edge of the input, the
circuit will maintain the locked condition as long as
the input frequency is within the lock-in range (±1.04
Hz) of the DPLLs. The lock-in range is wide enough
to meet the CCITT line rate specification (1.544
MHz±130ppm and 2.048 MHz
±50ppm)
for the High
Capacity Terrestrial Digital Service.
3-30
MITEL [ MITEL NETWORKS CORPORATION ]
