DS2154
8.2 Hardware-Based Signaling
8.2.1 Receive Side
In the receive side of the hardware based signaling, there are two operating modes for the signaling
buffer: signaling extraction and signaling reinsertion. Signaling extraction involves pulling the signaling
bits from the receive data stream and buffering them over a 2-multiframe buffer and outputting them in a
serial PCM fashion on a channel-by-channel basis at the RSIG output pin. This mode is always enabled.
In this mode, the receive elastic store may be enabled or disabled. If the receive elastic store is enabled,
then the backplane clock (RSYSCLK) must be 2.048MHz. The ABCD signaling bits are output on RSIG
in the lower nibble of each channel. See the timing diagrams in Section 14 for an example. The RSIG
data is updated once a multiframe (2ms) unless a freeze is in effect.
The other hardware based signaling operating mode called signaling re-insertion can be invoked by
setting the RSRE control bit high (CCR3.3 = 1). In this mode, the user will provide a multiframe sync at
the RSYNC pin and the signaling data will be re-aligned in the PCM data stream provided at the RSER
output pin according to this applied multiframe boundary. In this mode, the elastic store must be enabled
and the backplane clock (RSYSCLK) must be 2.048MHz.
The signaling data in the two-multiframe buffer will be frozen in a known good state upon either a loss of
synchronization (OOF event), carrier loss, or frame slip. To allow this freeze action to occur, the RFE
control bit (CCR2.0) should be set high. The user can force a freeze by setting the RFF control bit
(CCR2.1) high. Setting the RFF bit high causes the same freezing action as if a loss of synchronization,
carrier loss, or slip has occurred. The RSIGF output pin provides a hardware indication that a freeze is in
effect. The RSIGF pin will go high immediately upon detection of any of the events that can cause a
freeze to occur. The RSIGF pin will return low 3ms to 5ms after the event subsides. The RSIGF pin
action cannot be disabled.
The two-multiframe buffer provides an approximate one-multiframe delay in the signaling bits provided
at the RSIG pin (and at the RSER pin if RSRE = 1 via CCR3.3). When freezing is enabled (RFE = 1), the
signaling data will be held in the last known good state until the corrupting error condition subsides.
When the error condition subsides, the signaling data will be held in the old state for an additional 3ms to
5ms before being allowed to be updated with new signaling data.
8.2.2 Transmit Side
Via the THSE control bit (CCR3.2), the DS2154 can be set up to take the signaling data presented at the
TSIG pin and insert the signaling data into the PCM data stream that is being input at the TSER pin. The
hardware signaling insertion capabilities of the DS2154 are available whether the transmit side elastic
store is enabled or disabled. If the transmit side elastic store is enabled, the backplane clock (TSYSCLK)
must be 2.048MHz.
When hardware signaling insertion is enabled on the DS2154 (TSRE = 1), then the user must enable the
Transmit Channel Blocking Register Function Select (TCBFS) control bit (CCR3.6 = 1). This is needed
so that the CAS multiframe alignment word, multiframe remote alarm, and spare bits can be added to
timeslot 16 in frame 0 of the multiframe. The TS1 register should be programmed with the proper
information. If CCR3.6 = 1, then a 0 in the TCBRs implies that signaling data is to be sourced from
TSER (or TSIG if CCR3.2 = 1) and a 1 implies that signaling data for that channel is to be sourced from
the Transmit Signaling (TS) registers. See the following definition.
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ROCHESTER [ Rochester Electronics ]
