LM358, LM258, LM2904, LM2904A, LM2904V, NCV2904
50 k
R1
V
CC
V
CC
R2
−
1/2
5.0 k
10 k
V
O
V
ref
−
1/2
V
CC
V
O
f
o
=
R
1
2
p
RC
MC1403
LM358
2.5 V
+
V
ref
=
V
O
= 2.5 V (1 +
R1
)
R2
1
V
2
CC
R
LM358
+
C
C
For: f
o
= 1.0 kHz
R = 16 kW
C = 0.01
mF
Figure 10. Voltage Reference
Figure 11. Wien Bridge Oscillator
e
1
+
1/2
1
CR
R
R2
R1
e
o
V
ref
V
in
Hysteresis
V
OH
V
O
V
O
LM358
−
a R1
b R1
−
1/2
1/2
−
R1
+
1/2
LM358
+
LM358
−
1
CR
V
inL
=
R
V
inH
=
V
OL
V
inL
V
ref
V
inH
LM358
e
2
+
R1
(V − V )+ V
ref
R1 + R2
OL ref
R1
(V − V ) + V
ref
R1 + R2
OH ref
R1
(V
OH
− V
OL
)
R1 + R2
e
o
= C (1 + a + b) (e
2
− e
1
)
H=
Figure 12. High Impedance Differential Amplifier
Figure 13. Comparator with Hysteresis
R
V
in
C1
R2
−
C
R
1/2
R
100 k
C
−
100 k
−
1/2
1
2
p
RC
R1 = QR
f
o
=
R2 = R1
T
BP
R3 = T
N R2
C1 = 10 C
For: f
o
Q
T
BP
T
N
= 1.0 kHz
= 10
=1
=1
R
C
R1
R2
R3
V
ref
=
1
V
2
CC
1/2
LM358
+
LM358
+
LM358
V
ref
R2
R1
V
ref
Bandpass
Output
1/2
+
R3
−
V
ref
C1
Notch Output
= 160 kW
= 0.001
mF
= 1.6 MW
= 1.6 MW
= 1.6 MW
LM358
+
V
ref
Where: T
BP
= Center Frequency Gain
T
N
= Passband Notch Gain
Figure 14. Bi−Quad Filter
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