Processor Programming (Continued)
3.11.1 SMM Enhancements
Table 3-34. SMI# and SMINT Recognition
Requirements
Eight SMM instructions have been added to the x86
instruction set that permit initiating SMM through software
and saving and restoring the total CPU state when in
SMM.
Register Bits
SMI#
SMINT
USE_SMI, CCR1[1] (Index C1h)
SMAC, CCR1[2] (Index C1h)
1
0
1
1
The SMM header now:
•
•
•
•
Stores 32-bits memory addresses.
Stores 32-bit memory data.
SIZE[3:0], SMAR3[3:0] (Index CFh)
>0
>0
Differentiates memory and I/O accesses.
Indicates if an SMM interrupt was generated by access
to a VGA region.
SMI# Sampled Active or
SMINT Instruction Executed
The SMM service code is now cacheable. An SMAR reg-
ister specifies the SMM region code base and limit. An
SMHR register specifies the physical address for the
SMM header. The SMI_NEST bit enables the nesting of
SMM interrupts.
CPU State Stored in SMM
Address Space Header
3.11.2 SMM Operation
SMM execution flow is summarized in Figure 3-10. Enter-
ing SMM requires the assertion of the SMI# pin for at least
two SYSCLK periods or execution of the SMINT instruction.
For the SMI# signal or SMINT instruction to be recog-
nized, configuration register bits must be set as shown in
Table 3-34. (The configuration registers are discussed in
detail in Section 3.3.2.2 “Configuration Registers” on page
47.)
Program Flow Transfers
to SMM Address Space
CPU Enters Real Mode
After triggering an SMM through the SMI# pin or a SMINT
instruction, selected CPU state information is automati-
cally saved in the SMM memory space header located at
the top of SMM memory space. After saving the header,
the CPU enters real mode and begins executing the SMM
service routine starting at the SMM memory region base
address.
Execution Begins at SMM
Address Space Base Address
The SMM service routine is user definable and may con-
tain system or power management software. If the power
management software forces the CPU to power down or if
the SMM service routine modifies more registers than are
automatically saved, the complete CPU state information
should be saved.
RSM Instruction Restores CPU
State Using Header Information
Normal Execution Resumes
Figure 3-10. SMM Execution Flow
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