PIC16F5X
9.0
INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARY
Each PIC16F5X instruction is a 12-bit word divided into
an opcode, which specifies the instruction type, and
one or more operands which further specify the opera-
tion of the instruction. The PIC16F5X instruction set
summary in Table 9-2 groups the instructions into byte-
oriented, bit-oriented, and literal and control opera-
tions. Table 9-1 shows the opcode field descriptions.
For
byte-oriented
instructions, ‘f’ represents a file
register designator and ‘d’ represents a destination
designator. The file register designator is used to
specify which one of the 32 file registers in that bank is
to be used by the instruction.
The destination designator specifies where the result of
the operation is to be placed. If ‘d’ is ‘0’, the result is
placed in the W register. If ‘d’ is ‘1’, the result is placed
in the file register specified in the instruction.
For
bit-oriented
instructions, ‘b’ represents a bit field
designator which selects the number of the bit affected
by the operation, while ‘f’ represents the number of the
file in which the bit is located.
For
literal and control
operations, ‘k’ represents an
8- or 9-bit constant or literal value.
All instructions are executed within one single instruc-
tion cycle, unless a conditional test is true or the
program counter is changed as a result of an instruc-
tion. In this case, the execution takes two instruction
cycles. One instruction cycle consists of four oscillator
periods. Thus, for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, the
normal instruction execution time would be 1
μs.
If a
conditional test is true or the program counter is
changed as a result of an instruction, the instruction
execution time would be 2
μs.
instructions can have. All examples in the figure use
the following format to represent a hexadecimal
number:
0xhhh
where ‘h’ signifies a hexadecimal digit.
FIGURE 9-1:
GENERAL FORMAT FOR
INSTRUCTIONS
6
5
d
4
f (FILE #)
0
Byte-oriented
file register operations
11
OPCODE
TABLE 9-1:
Field
f
W
b
k
x
OPCODE FIELD
DESCRIPTIONS
Description
d =
0
for destination W
d =
1
for destination f
f = 5-bit file register address
Bit-oriented
file register operations
11
OPCODE
8 7
5 4
b (BIT #)
0
f (FILE #)
d
label
TOS
PC
WDT
TO
PD
dest
Register file address (0x00 to 0x1F)
Working register (accumulator)
Bit address within an 8-bit file register
Literal field, constant data or label
Don't care location (=
0
or
1)
The assembler will generate code with
x =
0.
It is the recommended form of use
for compatibility with all Microchip
software tools.
Destination select;
d =
0
(store result in W)
d =
1
(store result in file register ‘f’)
Default is d =
1
Label name
Top-of-Stack
Program Counter
Watchdog Timer Counter
Time-out bit
b = 3-bit bit address
f = 5-bit file register address
Literal and control
operations (except
GOTO)
11
OPCODE
k = 8-bit immediate value
Literal and control
operations -
GOTO
instruction
11
OPCODE
k = 9-bit immediate value
9
8
k (literal)
0
8
7
k (literal)
0
Power-down bit
Destination, either the W register or the
specified register file location
[ ]
Options
( )
Contents
→
Assigned to
< >
Register bit field
∈
In the set of
italics
User defined term
©
2007 Microchip Technology Inc.
DS41213D-page 41
MICROCHIP [ MICROCHIP TECHNOLOGY ]
